فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگ - ارتباطات
پیاپی 48 (زمستان 1398)

This study seeks to examine the virtual mourning as one of the memory practices among some of Iranian Facebook users. Three research questions guided the study as I sought to explore 1) the factors are involved in experiencing the extension of mournful remembering from real space to virtual space like Facebook, 2) the reasons these users have for continuing this experience to Facebook and 3) how this extension changes remembering and media-related practices. In order to answer these questions, dual spacization paradigm and combination of several perspectives and concepts from communication, sociology and psychology have been used. I conducted the deeply semi structured interviews with 16 ordinary Facebook users who had lost their beloved in recent years. The special experience of users, analyzed by MAX QDA, was interpreted that thanks to technologies of recording and preserving memories, mourning as a socio-cultural practice has become a considerably new, untested space. Like other life areas, mourning practices are experiencing a quality of dual- spacization, having different aspects: performative, archival and ritual.

Media literacy as a strategy has to be implemented in the country after it has become known as a necessity for promotion in the country in order to benefit from the effective and effective use of the media and reduce its destructive effects, and it should support a scientific consensus. This was the motive for critical thinking and the formation of sprawling sphere in the media field, which gave a special look to this issue. Using a questionnaire, three components of trust, participation, social capital and social and social components and two cognitive and aesthetic components Media literacy was tested. The result of the research shows that there is a direct and significant relationship between the ethical dimension of media literacy and social capital, that with the rise of the ethical dimension of media literacy, individual social capital also increases. The moral dimension emphasizes the ability to understand and retrieve the hidden values in the media message. The next sense sense of media literacy that forms the periphery of the outer layer, where the audience is exposed to media messages through one of the five senses, is the cradle of Marshall McLuhan's theory, which states: "Each medium along One of the five senses is human."

Regarding the role of kid’s hobby books in socializing next generation, methodological analysis of them is highly important. It is debated generally in the field of social science and specifically in the field of women and gender studies. Children are unintentionally exposed by values, attitudes and approaches which are presented in text and beyond that the pictures. Even as kids, they are more receptive to pictures. Due to this, unprecedentedly this article focuses on picture of kid’s book to analyze their technically. The research investigates awarded kid’s book from the Children’s Book Council of Iran during 1963-2017.Methodologically social semiotic is applied to explore meaning making out of pictures. The findings indicate the up and down of the picture’s themes and personages whom are characterized as women. Moreover the social roles of women are introduced and the implicit values are discussed periodically. The result suggests how nongovernmental actors have followed the dominated gender ideology in kid’s books.

The purpose of this study is to recognize effective factors on establishment and strengthening brand and consumer relationships in new social networks and the impact of these relationships on brands. Statistical population of this study is the users of social network, who are followers of the brand communities of food - beverage and cosmetic-beauty industries. Using the three criteria including maximum follower, highest level of engagement, and the amount of activity in the social media, brands of My, Ash, Saharkhiz Saffron and Tekdaneh were selected to be studied. The research method is set in two qualitative and quantitative partss. In analysis stage, through constant comparison process, open, axial and selective coding, Concepts, categories and themes were organized, In the following, using the correspondence analysis, the relationship between extracted themes and demographic variables were found out and native model of relations was introduced. then, in quantitative approach, with performing two quantitative studies in food-beverage and cosmetic-beauty industries using structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression, conceptual model resulting from qualitative study was examined. Findings revealed that motivations of social, functional, monetary, brand related and hedonic are as factors influencing the in creation of interactions between brands and consumers, which are influenced by demographic variables. Also, research findings showed that active participate in social media lead to the creation of trust, commitment, intention to purchase and positive word of mouth.

Developments in the Cultural Policy of Virtual Social Networks in the Islamic Republic of Iran: Case Study of Upstream Documents Analysis (1987-1396)  In this paper, the researcher has analyzed and evaluated the upstream documents of the country in order to respond to the cultural policy developments of virtual social networks in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The target community of this research is the upstream documents of the Islamic Republic of Iran related to virtual social networks during the period from 1370 to 1396. The results of this policy study indicate that the five policy axes in this area include "maintaining Iranian-Islamic cultural identity and identity", "exploiting the opportunities of social networks and developing content and efficient services", "a supportive approach to capacity The hardware and software of the internal social networks "," network development "and" strategic management of social networks ". In this regard, documents such as general policies of computer information networks, the strategic document of the comprehensive information technology system of the country, the strategic document security of production space and information exchange of the country, the country's cultural engineering plan, the tasks of the Supreme Council of Cyberspace in the installation order The new members have led the most important policy issues related to the issue of virtual social networks.

Ideological traditionalism emerged during revolution aftermath era and from intellectual conflicts of 1970s on the modernism,conceptualization of development paradigm and fulfillment of the local theories. Mehdi Nasiri has played an active role as the proxy of this mainstream.Therefore, the fundamentals of ideological traditionalist discourse can be captured studying his viewpoints. This research aimed at studying Nasiri’s attitudes, as the proxy of ideological traditionalism, towards the modern development paradigm and its consequences for development plans and cultural policy. Thus, this research was performed through Case Study method tries answering this question: what is the most important ideological traditionalism basics related to the modern development and what consequences will be resulted from this approach for the development plan and cultural policy? The approach of ideological traditionalists has been represented based on the generally negating the modern development,Rejection of newly emergent, epistemic controversy with development,citing restrain and defending traditional and Islamic values. In this course, neither the western style development nor the Islamic style development has followers because as the traditional views of this mainstream proxy imply the nature of development is western which is in contradictory with Islamic logic. These viewpoints invoke the passive position where a future must be expected reconstruction of which is based on the returning to the tradition. Regardless of emphasizing the positive values, this discourse has not provided an alternative view for the development paradigm and lacks positive fundamentals to use practically to cope with the current problems in the cultural policy.

Identical Foundations is changes with Rapidly Progress Technology, the depth changes in society’s, Pass of Productivity society to Consumption society and Body as Identity Media.In this condition body is an social media. This Research with Qualitative method about plastic surgery and Identity Types among 21 Hemadanian Youth whit help Granted Theory. Obtained Results Show that Me with Stigma, I in negative my, face Dine causal Condition in plastic surgery. Body Ideal Image, religion Belief Basically Condition to plastic surgery. Age situation, Youth Culture intervene Condition in Cosmetic surgery. In counter with this Condition, doctor and noise model select as strategic plastic. Researcher Participant according with abstained or not abstained to body ideal image, change or not change in self-identity and contained or not contained secondary idea change indicator to 3 type Reconstruct identity with positive experience, reconstruct identity with negative experience and Legitimatized identity recognized which resulted plastic surgery different according to identity type.

The main purpose of this study is to determine of problems of Iran’s book publishing.

Content analyzing method was used as a research method and all of research articles, research book and thesis was studied for gathering information.

Findings show the most important professional problems are: “problems of book distribution in Iran, to be non-professional publishers with insufficient knowledge, inattention to advertisements and information activities, and inattention to economic mechanism in book production, distribution and consumption”. In the external problems, based on result “the lack of reading culture in Iran and the lack of reading promotion by educational and cultural institutions are the most important cultural problem” and “The lack of strong and influential publishing NGO, and the lack of libraries (especially public and schools libraries), and the lack of mental and spiritual relaxation of the people”, have been the most important social problems. “The neglect of the economic mechanisms related to the book supply and demand” is one of the most important economic problems and “auditing industry and the lack of compliance with copyright laws as well as the excessive government involvement in publishing” are as the most important political problems.

The problems of publishing industry can be categorized into two main categories of internal and external (cultural, social, economic, and political) problems, and one can not solve without another.

The story, as a model of society, is a medium that is capable of representing the various mental and increasing social abilities and causing socialization and change in the personality dimensions of human beings. This research, in a library-based way, based on qualitative research and content analysis, examines the attitudes of the characters of the short story "A valid narrative about killing" based on social psychology studies "attitude" and "Functional Attitudes" In personal, interpersonal and social relationships to the deviant behavior of "murder." Mastour , the various aspects of the attitude depict a multitude of people in the community about murder and instilling the attitude and drawing the ideological perspective of the actors of the story, especially the first personality of the story, is at the center of attention of the text. The functional theory of attitude, by revealing the inner motives of man, explains the phenomenal cause of attitudes and describes the role of attitudes in directing social behaviors.It seems that the attitude of people in society towards this inhuman phenomenon can be evaluated based on value-based functions, but the analysis of the text shows that people's attitudes even towards this neglected phenomenon can be based on various factors, in For profitable functions. Also, despite the relative stability of the attitude of different people in society towards a phenomenon; the quality of interpersonal and interpersonal communication in confronting social events and phenomena can lead to cognitive imbalance and significantly attitudes and the formation of unpredictable behaviors.

The Josef and Zuleika painting is of the most beautiful and mystical paintings of Iranian paintings, painted by Kamal Al-din Behzad, which has been studied In postmodern’s world. The researches of this painting have also affected some of the artists to do adaptations, as the three Iranian and European contemporary artists, Habibullah Sadeqi, Abdul Hamid Qadiriyan and Claudia Palmarocci created paintings by adaptation of that. The four texts of Behzad and the three contemporary adaptations of that, reproduce a discourses. So between the painting of Behzad and the adaptations of that a linkages of Interdiscourse, is created. The aim of this study is to re-study interdiscourse relations between the four mentioned texts with a discoursal due to the adaptation position in postmodernist attitude, and answers these questions: what discourse each of these texts reproduce? what is the relationship between their discourses? Also, how does each of these interdiscourse relations affect the retrieval of Iranian cultural-artistic identity? This research is by method of analytical and comparative method and interdiscourse approach. The metatext and discoursal perusal showed that painting of Behzad reproduces the Islamic-mystic discourse of Naqshbandiyed in Timurid period, two works of Sadeqi and Qadiriyan reproduce contemporary Iranian-Islamic of art academy and Palmarocci’s painting reproduces a cultural and contemporary discourse on the concept of "house" in Italy. Also, background and context of cultural and art tradition play an important role in the type of interface between these discourses and how to the retrieval of Iranian cultural-artistic identity in postmodern period.